Ted Hughes by Michael Daley
Michael Daley
Keith Sagar
Literary Critic and Poet
 

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Cover - Laughter of FoxesThe Laughter of Foxes
(Liverpool University Press, 2000)

The Laughter of Foxes surveys the whole of Hughes' achievement, not only in verse. It contains a great deal of new information, including extracts from Hughes' letters to the author, a detailed chronology of his life and work by Ann Skea, and the first publication of the background story of Crow. There are chapters on the mythic imagination, the poetic relationship of Hughes and Plath, and on the evolution of a Hughes poem through all its manuscript drafts. But the main purpose of the book is to attempt an adequate reading of Hughes' poetry, revealing the underlying quest which transformed his imagination, leading him by painful stages from a vision of a world made of blood to a vision of a world made of light.

'This book is invaluable for anyone interested in Hughes' work'
Elaine Feinstein Daily Telegraph

'Sagar's strength is his ability to appreciate from the inside the mythic journey which Hughes was undertaking through his work. Sagar's fine and sensitive book is proof that penetrating critical thought can be couched in lively and readable prose'
Erica Wagner The Times

'In an age when most of what passes for literary criticism is of interest to no-one but initiates of its own scarcely penetrable codes, here is a book which continually reminds us what an enlarging joy and privilege and challenge it is to read the work of a master-poet. In doing so, it performs a valuable service both to its subject and to the wider evolution of consciousness in our time. Whether poetry matters to us or not, the responsibility remains with each of us to bring to our lives the highest degree of ethical commitment and imaginative energy of which we are capable. And in that struggle, as the life and work of Ted Hughes so magnificently demonstrate, poetry can be far more than the consolation of an idle hour: it becomes a vital source of transforming energy'
Lindsay Clarke Resurgence

 

'The Laughter of Foxes undertakes the necessary labour of fitting to the poetry the paradigms worked out in Hughes' fascinating mytho-critical prose from the 1990s. ... The central chapter, 'From World of Blood to World of Light', convincingly plots Hughes' progression towards a potentially redemptive vision.'

Jeremy Noel-Tod Times Literary Supplement

This book can be ordered from The Times online bookshop

 

The Art of Ted Hughes
The second edition (1978) of  my first book on Hughes has now been reissued by the Cambridge University Press at £20.
The back cover reads as follows:

Dr Sagar believes that when we see Ted Hughes' work as a whole, with each book a stage in a psychic adventure involving new stylistic challenge, we shall see it to be the achievement of a major poet. In this study of Ted Hughes, Dr Sagar gives most of his attention to individual poems, their meaning and coherence, their relation to each other and to the poetic tradition, their sources and background (often in mythology and folklore), and their relevance to living in our time. He began reading Hughes in 1957 when The Hawk in the Rain appeared, and has followed his development closely ever since: here, with benefit of hindsight, he attempts to retrace that journey. A chapter is devoted to each major work.

Since the first edition of this book appeared in 1975, Hughes published three important collections. Season Songs in 1976, Gaudete in 1977, and Cave Birds in 1978. All represent important stages in Hughes' development. For this second edition, Dr Sagar added a chapter on each of these, revised the earlier text, and brought the comprehensive bibliography up to 1978.

'Sagar is a convinced and, on the whole, convincing reader of Hughes' poems; he thinks they are among the superior achievements of modern poetry ... I am glad that Sagar's book will raise questions that are crucial not only to the reception of Hughes' poetry but to the definition of contemporary English feeling.'

Denis Donoghue, New Republic

 

Ted Hughes and Nature
I have written some two-thirds of a new critical study. Would any publisher interested in this book please contact me at keithsagar@tiscali.co.uk.

Summary:  I believe that some of Hughes' finest and most important work, for which all the earlier books are preparation, is to be found in the three collections published between 1979 and 1983, Moortown, Remains of Elmet and River. It is here that Hughes finally resolved the problems he had hitherto wrestled with in relation to nature and the female, and was able to worship the source of life in verse which is radiant, yet rooted in the elements - air, stone, earth, water. It is primarily on these volumes that I would base my claim that Hughes was the greatest Engish-language poet of the second half of the twentieth century. Surprisingly, these collections have received far less attention than Hughes' earlier and later work.

The book will trace the early influences, both biographical and literary, which shaped Hughes' sense of nature, then follow the development of this sense from his early horror of nature to his eventual worship if it. I shall also examine the way in which Hughes' attitude to nature colours his writings for children and his critical works, especially Shakespeare and the Goddess of Complete Being.

Chapter Outline

Preface  
Chapter 1 Prologue: Antecedents
Chapter 2 Influences
Chapter 3 The Hawk in the Rain, Lupercal, Wodwo
Chapter 4 Crow, Prometheus on his Crag
Chapter 5   'Myth and Education', 'The Environmental Revolution', 'Ted Hughes and Crow', 'Shakespeare's Poem',  'Orghast: Talking without Words'.
Chapter 6 Gaudete, Orts, Cave Birds, Adam and the Sacred Nine
Chapter 7 Moortown Diaries
Chapter 8 Earth Numb
Chapter 9 Remains of Elmet
Chapter 10 River
Chapter 11 What is the Truth?, The Iron Woman
Chapter 12 Shakespeare and the Goddess of Complete Being, A Dancer to God, The Snake in the Oak
Appendix Variant texts of Remains of Elmet
Bibliography  
Index  

The Thought-Fox

'The Thought-Fox' is, for many readers, especially young readers, their favourite Hughes poem. The mere glance I gave the poem in The Art of Ted Hughes is completely inadequate. There was even less excuse for neglecting the poem in The Laughter of Foxes. I have tried to do justice to it in the essay which can be downloaded free here.
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Alcestis
Hughes' version of Euripides' Alcestis was published too late for me to be able to give it more than a brief reference in The Laughter of Foxes. It is, of course, highly relevant to the ending of the second chapter. My fuller, more considered account can be downloaded here.
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The 143 letters Hughes wrote to me are now at the British Library. A full description of them by Christina Patterson appeared in The Guardian 18 August 2001.

First Editions. I have most of Hughes' first editions for sale, including limited editions. Send wants lists to keithsagar@tiscali.co.uk

Links

Centre for Ted Hughes Studies. An educational site for students and researchers on the writings of Ted Hughes.

An international Hughes website is run by Claas Kazzer from the University of Leipzig.

For information about Hughes activities in the Calder Valley visit www.theelmettrust.co.uk.

Ann Skea has her own excellent Hughes website.


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